HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY
Alhazan was an Arab mathmatition, astronomer and physicist of the Islamic Golden age. Full name Ibn al-Haytham, Alhazan was the one who invented the camera obscure in the 9th century. the camera obscura, also called the pinhole camera, didn't have a lens. Instead it had a tiny aperture( a space were light passes in a optical or photographic instrument).Light from the a scene passes through the aperture, projecting an inverted image on the opposite side of the box, called the camera obscure effect. camera obscura meaning "dark chamber". |
Johann Heinrich Schulze studied medicine chemistry, philisophy and technology, became a professor of anatomy. He is best known for his discovery of silver salts when dipped in silver nitrate turned white to black when exposed to the sun, the unexposed side remaining white.
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William Henry Fox Talbot invented an early photographic technique called calotype. This made the developing process permitted much shorter, the exposure times in the camera obscura from one hour to one minute creating a negative image. this was fixed with sodium hyposulfate. the negative image could now yield numbers of posotive images simply through contact printing onto another sheet of paper. |
George Eastman invented the Kodak camera, his company still widely known.But before he made Kodak he developed dry plate photography which made it so film could be developed at a convenient time, you wouldn't have to drag around the dark rooms. Box Brownie was the name of a long-running inexpensive camera made by Eastman Kodak introduced in February 1990. |
Louise Daguerre, French painter and physisist, invented the first practical process of photography known as Daguerreotype. It was the first publically availibe photographic process. the process used a silver plate which was polished and coated with silver iodide and developed with warmed mercury. Positive copies were the only types that could be made so more copies could only be made by taking more photos.
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CAMERA OBSCURA
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This was the beginning of photography created in the 9th century were people were just understanding the new scale of development in creating art. The camera obscure was an optical device, to put it simply it was a dark room with a hole (the aperture) in one wall. An image forming of whatever was on the outside the image was inverted and laterally transposed.
The way we made a camera obscure was through just a few steps. On a flat side we drew a cross through the middle and the cut a 1 cm by 1 cm square with a scalpel. Then on the opposite side you cut another square leaving a 1 cm border. Next you tape up the rest of the openings. Now you place a magnifying glass to act as a lens to focus your drawing. Finally on the side with the big square tape a square of tracing paper that fits and go to a space were you can trace a picture onto the paper. The focal length is the distance between the front of the camera where the aperture/lens is and the back of the camera. I had to just this to make the image in focus |
PHILIPPE HALSMAN
Born on the 2nd of May 1906 - died 25th of June 1979 New York. He was alive during the surrealism period, beginning his career in Paris. Halsman had a vast career, he had a long standing project with Salvatore Dali which lasted for 37 years they created a surrealist series together including "Dali's moustache". Throughout his career he photographed many famous actors, actresses and writers as well as other artists. Much of his work was featured in magazines like Vogue.
His Jump series started in the early 1950s. He wanted to expose the controlled facial expressions that well knows people would put up as a disguise. Halsman stated that life had "taught us how to control our facial expressions.....but has not taught us how to control our jumps". So in a way he wanted to see how we experienced freedom.
Born on the 2nd of May 1906 - died 25th of June 1979 New York. He was alive during the surrealism period, beginning his career in Paris. Halsman had a vast career, he had a long standing project with Salvatore Dali which lasted for 37 years they created a surrealist series together including "Dali's moustache". Throughout his career he photographed many famous actors, actresses and writers as well as other artists. Much of his work was featured in magazines like Vogue.
His Jump series started in the early 1950s. He wanted to expose the controlled facial expressions that well knows people would put up as a disguise. Halsman stated that life had "taught us how to control our facial expressions.....but has not taught us how to control our jumps". So in a way he wanted to see how we experienced freedom.
MAROLINE MONROE
The first picture of Fernand is a comical style on the jumping photography. The expression on his face shows how hard he is trying to jump that high, his face looks like he is in physical pain. Halsman composed the picture so that there is a lot of space underneath the model and very little on top. By composing the picture like this it looks like he hit his head on the top of the frame and is falling down. I like how his expression seems to be one that would make someone smile when they see the picture. All his features are pulled downwards which could emphasise the direction of his movement.
I could use this feature in my work when I want to show the natural face of a person. Also you can tell that the shutter speed seems to be quite high so that Halsman would be able to capture his subjects as if they were flying.
I could use this feature in my work when I want to show the natural face of a person. Also you can tell that the shutter speed seems to be quite high so that Halsman would be able to capture his subjects as if they were flying.
SHUTTER SPEED
The shutter speed(or exposure time) is the amount of time the lens shutter is open, also the amount of light that the camera is exposed to.The amount of light that reaches the film or image sensor is proportional to the exposure time. The higher the shutter speed is the more light is let into the picture making it brighter, but it also enables the camera to capture more movement. A slow shutter speed is normally used at night when there is a low amount of light.
IMAGES OF MOVEMENT
APERTURE
The higher F stops allows a deeper depth of field, which is shown in F stop 22, by allowing a higher depth of field it gives more dimension to the picture and allows you to focus to a further point. The 16 F stop hasn't got as much of a higher depth of field as the 22 F stop and the 8 F stop has the lowest depth of field
WWW: The position of the camera stayed relatively the same.
EBI: If the subjects looked the same in all the pictures and if the 16th F stop had a bit more of a shallow depth of field to show the in between of the lowest and highest F stop.
EBI: If the subjects looked the same in all the pictures and if the 16th F stop had a bit more of a shallow depth of field to show the in between of the lowest and highest F stop.